Hendrikus Lubbers and his family joined the Seceded community in Enter, Overijssel. They were one of many Seceders who emigrated from the Netherlands in 1847. Hendrikus was planning to study to be a minister. However, another fate awaited him across the ocean. The entire family perished on Lake Michigan when their vessel, the Phoenix, caught on fire.

Genealogical information

On January 30, 1840 the 33-year-old shoemaker Hendrikus Lubbers was married to 39-year-old Marijken Lubbers, a shopkeeper. Hendrikus Lubbers was born in Enter on September 17, 1806. His parents, Jan Anthonissen Lubbers and Hendrika de Wilde, had him baptized four days later in the Dutch Reformed Church of Wierden, to which Enter belonged.

Marijke Lubbers was born the second of January 1801 in Enter and baptized in Wierden two days later. She was the fourth of six children of Lucas Lubbertsen and Leida Kattelaar. Hendrikus and Marijke had two children, Hein (born May 18, 1841) and Lucas (born January 31, 1843).

Secession in Enter

Enter, in the province of Overijssel, is situated 4,5 miles south of Wierden. Around 1840, it was a small village with 1,100 inhabitants. Many people earned a living carrying freights on ships or making wooden shoes.

Enter in 1820

In Enter, like many places in the east of the Netherlands, people started holding ceremonies outside the Reformed Church. When the actual Secession took place is not known. The council notes of the Seceded Community of Enter start April 10, 1840. During the meeting K. Wildeboer, the minister of nearby Rijssen was present. Hendrikus Lubbers and Johannes Kempers were eldermen.

The notes of the meetings were kept irregularly. The next writing is dated April 1, 1841. The eldermen H. Lubbers and J. Kempers were present, besides A. Evers, H.M. Poorte, J.H. Roohaan, H. Geels and 'the women of the community'. They discussed the necessity to have a minister for their community. This was easier said than done. In those days, the number of seceded ministers was very small. The few ministers that were available already were confirmed by a community and made many field-trips to preach for communities without their own minister.

In the classis of Ommen, to which Enter belonged, it was considered inappropriate to ask for a minister of another community. For the community of Enter this meant the only alternative was to select one of their own to be educated as a minister. The same had happened in Den Ham, where Seine Bolks was now the minister. The Enter community chose elderman Hendrikus Lubbers, who was to get his education from Rev. Van Raalte in Ommen. However, he never became a minister.

Emigration

In 1847, the designated minister Hendrikus Lubbers and his family emigrated from Enter. His farm was bought by the Seceded Community to be rebuilt as a church.

They crossed the ocean on the vessel France, in a group that consisted almost entirely of Seceders. Among them were two other families from Enter/Wierden: Hommers and Geerlings.

Upon arrival in New York, they proceeded through the Erie Canal towards Buffalo. Here they boarded the vessel Phoenix which was supposed to take them across the Great Lakes. Unfortunately, the Phoenix perished off the coast of Sheboygan. Hendrikus Lubbers, his wife Marijke and their two sons Hein and Lucas were lost in the fire.

Sources

Last week, my friend Mary Risseeuw from Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin and I gave a presentation at the International Congress for genealogical and heraldic Sciences in Maastricht. The title was "We're all fresh and healthy. Emigration from the Netherlands to the United States in the 19th century. The slides are now available online.

I've just added a Dutch genealogy store to the site. In this store, visitors can buy books, DVDs and prints about Dutch genealogy, history and culture. I've selected publications that I think would benefit somebody researching his Dutch roots. The store is powered by Amazon. This website receives a commission for all sales, enabling this website to remain free.

When Dutch people arrived in the United States or other English-speaking countries, often their names got changed. This was either done on purpose, to make the name easier to write and remember, or by accident because the clerk didn't know how to spell the name and wrote it down phonetically. For this reason, a single family name can often be found in many different spellings in different documents.

This article gives an overview of the types of changes that names underwent and also gives a list of English versions of Dutch last names. This list is not complete and even for the names that are listed, chances are that many people with those names used even more exotic variants as well.

For the nineteenth and twentieth century, the civil registration is the primary genealogical resource. All the births, marriages and deaths (BMD) were recorded. Usually, only using the civil registration you can compile a 'backbone' of a pedigree that goes back to the late 1700's.

Noord-Holland is a province in the north-west of the Netherlands. It borders on the IJsselmeer, Utrecht and Flevoland in the east, Utrecht and Zuid-Holland in the south, and the North Sea on the west and north.

The capital city of Noord-Holland is Haarlem. The capital city of the Netherlands, Amsterdam, is also situated in Noord-Holland. Other larger towns are:

• Alkmaar
• Den Helder
• Enkhuizen
• Zaandam
• Amstelveen

Jan Willem Wieberdink was born in Aalten on 4 September 1834 as a son of Garrit Jan Wieberdink and Janna Geertruid Heinen. On 2 September 1864, he married Johanna Hendrika Jentink on her 24th birthday. She was born in Aalten as wel, on 2 September 1840 and was a daughter of Arend Jan Jentink and Geziena Fukkink.

In the middle of the nineteenth century, conditions in Europe were poor. Crops were failling all over Europe and many people hardly made enough money to feed their families. For this reason, many people decided to emigrate to the United States, where farmland was plenty and people hoped they could begin a new life. In the Netherlands, some people also had religious reasons to emigrate. The had seceded from the Dutch Reformed Church and were being oppressed by the goverment. The United States offered to them not only better economic prospects, but also the chance to celebrate their religion as they saw fit.