An arbeider is a laborer. Sometimes, records will indicate the type of work they did, such as a boerenarbeider [farm laborer] or fabrieksarbeider [factory worker]. Most laborers were poor and did not own any real estate. Many were illiterate.
![Factory worker](https://www.dutchgenealogy.nl/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/NL-HaNA_2.24.14.02_0_252-0470-517x672.jpg)
Factory worker, 1931. Credits: Willem van de Poll, collection Nationaal Archief (CC-BY)